11 research outputs found
Videocapillaroscopy of the oral mucosa as an non-invasive tool for early detection of sepsis
Introduction. Due to the high incidence, morbidity, mortality and high costs for the health system, sepsis stands out, among other things, by the firm indication of hospitalization in an intensive care unit. Dysfunction of microcirculation plays a central role in the genesis and maintenance of septic syndrome, as it represents a pathophysiological milestone of this syndrome. Videocapillaroscopy opens up the possibility of detecting microvascular anomalies in the early stages, allowing for new diagnostic and research opportunities.
Material and method. Our unrandomized, prospective, multicenter, analytical study analysed a group of 51 patients with various ethology of septic shock, a clinical condition that was diagnosed on the basis of standard clinical and biological criteria, hospitalized in three ICU clinical wards, over the course of 15 months (August 2019 - November 2020), where the parameters of the oral mucosa microcirculation were monitored with the help of a videocapillaroscope, the resulting prototype of an invention patent already implemented by the authors.
Objectives. The main objective of our study was to validate, on a clinical level, the possibility of using videocapillaroscopy of the oral mucosa, as an efficient means of early detection of the changes that predict the early onset of septic shock in patients in ICU patients.
Results. Videocapillaroscopy was performed with a prototype device, recording 357 images of the microcirculation of the oral mucosa in the patients that had already been confirmed, via classical clinical and paraclinical means, with the diagnosis of sepsis. Discussions. The statistical analysis of the essential 5 elements detected by videocapillaroscopy (capillary density, incidence in normal and parallel disposition, diameter and microhemorrhage) corroborated with the clinical and paraclinical elements of the sepsis state path clearly highlights the correlation power of these determinations.
Conclusions. Given the completely non-invasive nature of this imaging method, the very low costs associated with the method, the ease in collecting and interpreting data as well as the results that bear strong statistical correlation, we can conclude that it can successfully be considered a method of prediction with high reliability and specificity in the early detection of sepsis, regardless of its etiology
Prenatal Diagnosis of Bovine Aortic Arch Anatomic Variant
Fetal aortic arch development is an early and complex process that depends on many
genetic and environmental factors. The final aortic arch varies greatly; it may take the form of a
normal arch, anatomic variant (AAAV) with a common origin to that of the innominate artery and
left common carotid artery (formerly known as âbovine aortic archâ (with an incidence of up to 27%))
or one of multiple pathological conditions. The present study aimed to establish the feasibility and
impact of prenatal anatomic arch variantsâ diagnosis. A retrospective study of 271 fetal second- and
third-trimester anomaly scans was performed in our tertiary center. Examinations that evaluated the
sagittal aortic arch were included and the branching pattern was assessed. Additionally, a literature
data search based on the terms âcommon origin of innominate artery and left common carotid arteryâ,
âbovine archâ, âbovine aorticâ and âaortic arch anomaliesâ was performed. Results that referred to
prenatal AAAV were retained and the papers evaluated. In our study, the AAA incidence was 1.93%,
with 4 out of 5 cases being arch type B. All cases had minor associated conditions but a good postnatal
outcome. An anatomic aortic variant with a common IA and LCCa prenatal diagnosis was found
in a small number of studies; most of the cases described in pediatric and adult series were related
to cardiac surgery for stenting, aneurysm or thoracic-associated diseases. The incidence of AAAV
varied from 6 to 27% depending on the population studied (highest incidence in African individuals).
The variant was highly associated with aortic dissection, pulmonary and cerebral embolism and
increased risks of incidents during surgery. Diagnosing AAAV during a routine anatomic scan is
feasible and diagnoses can be made when anomaly scans are performed. Awareness of the condition
is important for postnatal surgery when other cardiac anomalies are found; this can prevent accidents
with simple changes to the patientâs lifestyle, and, in the case of surgery, means we can adopt the
correct surgical approach
Best therapeutic practices in the management of obstetric sepsis
Background. Physiological changes that occur during pregnancy make maternal sepsis a difficult condition to diagnose and treat, still having a fairly high mortality rate. Consequently, an early diagnosis and prompt therapeutic management of sepsis can significantly decrease mortality. The purpose of this study is to review literature data that present current practices in the management of obstetric sepsis. Methods. To collect the data required for the study, we performed a search of published articles in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases related to obstetric sepsis. Research paper articles from the period 2012-2022 were included in the analysis. In addition, 145 articles from the period 2012-2022 were evaluated, with the aim of finding out in which situations the risk of maternal death is higher. Thus, the analysis included a total number of 151 articles, which were divided into two distinct stages. Results. The risk of maternal death is higher among patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), followed by Escherichia coli, genital tract infection, cancer, drug users and in the case of patients with chronic liver disease. Conclusions. After analyzing the data, we found that prompt and focused antibiotic therapy as well as fluid resuscitation are essential to increase the chances of survival of these patients
The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Premature BirthâOur Experience as COVID Center
Information about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnant women is still limited
and raises challenges, even as publications are increasing rapidly. The aim of the present study was
to determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on preterm birth pregnancies. We performed a
prospective, observational study in a COVID-only hospital, which included 34 pregnant women with
SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm birth compared with a control group of 48 healthy women with
preterm birth. The rate of cesarean delivery was 82% in the study group versus 6% for the control
group. We observed a strong correlation between premature birth and the presence of COVID-19
symptoms (cough p = 0.029, fever p = 0.001, and chills p = 0.001). The risk for premature birth is
correlated to a lower value of oxygen saturation (p = 0.001) and extensive radiologic pulmonary lesions
(p = 0.025). The COVID-19 pregnant women with preterm delivery were older, and experienced an
exacerbation of severe respiratory symptoms, decreased saturation of oxygen, increased inflammatory
markers, severe pulmonary lesions and decreased lymphocytes
The Beginner Laparoscopists Trends in the Learning Process of Laparoscopy for Adnexal Gynecological Pathologies : The Experience of Our Center
Background: Laparoscopy for benign ovarian pathology is the appropriate surgical approach and it has many well-known advantages. Minimal invasive gynecological surgery increases
the quality of life of the patient. The learning process of laparoscopy is difficult and requires many
interventions to acquire manual skills. The objectives of the study were to assess the learning process
of laparoscopy for adnexal pathology surgery performed by beginner laparoscopists. Materials and
Methods: This study included three gynecological surgeons who were beginners in laparoscopy and
who were named A, B, and C. We collected information about patients, diagnosis, surgical technique,
and complications. Results: We have analyzed the data from 159 patients. The most frequent primary
diagnosis was functional ovarian cyst, and the laparoscopic cystectomy was performed in 49.1% of
interventions. The need to convert a laparoscopy into laparotomy was necessary in 1.3% of patients.
There were no cases of reintervention, blood transfusion, or ureteral lesions. The duration of the
surgical intervention varied statistically significantly according to patientâs BMI and to the surgeon.
After 20 laparoscopic interventions, a significant improvement was found in the time needed to
perform ovarian cystectomy (operators A and B) and salpingectomy (operator C). Conclusions: The
process of learning laparoscopy is laborious and difficult. We found a significant decrease in operating
time after a twenty laparoscopic interventions
The Prevalence, Management and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on Medical Studentsâ LivesâA Multicenter Study
Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is defined as the presence of painful menstruation, and it
affects daily activities in different ways. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence and
management of dysmenorrhea and to determine the impact of dysmenorrhea on the quality of life
of medical students. Material and methods: The study conducted was prospective, analytical and
observational and was performed between 7 November 2019 and 30 January 2020 in five university
centers from Romania. The data was collected using an original questionnaire regarding menstrual
cycles and dysmenorrhea. The information about relationships with family or friends, couplesâ
relationships and university activity helped to assess the effects of dysmenorrhea on quality of life.
The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The study comprised 1720 students in total. The
prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 78.4%. During their menstrual period, most female students felt
more agitated or nervous (72.7%), more tired (66.9%), as if they had less energy for daily activities
(75.9%) and highly stressed (57.9%), with a normal diet being difficult to achieve (30.0%). University
courses (49.4%), social life (34.5%), couplesâ relationships (29.6%), as well as relationships with family
(21.4%) and friends (15.4%) were also affected, depending on the duration and intensity of the pain.
Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea has a high prevalence among medical students and could affect the
quality of life of students in several ways. During their menstrual period, most female students feel
as if they have less energy for daily activities and exhibit a higher level of stress. The intensity of
the symptoms varies considerably and, with it, the degree of discomfort it creates. Most student
use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain (75.7%). University
courses, social life, couplesâ relationships, as well as relationships with family and friends are affected,
depending on the duration and intensity of the pain
Giant renal cell carcinoma in a patient with ipsilateral lower limb hypertrophic lichen planus; Case report and literature review
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of primary urogenital cancer, usually resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Hypertrophic lichen planus is an inflammatory dermatosis characterized by the presence of papulosquamous and intensely pruritic lesions. The association of these two conditions is unusual, being reported in the specialized literature only in a few rare cases with the onset of lichenoid lesions after patients have undergone various forms of treatment. The case of a 62-year-old male patient who was admitted for severe abdominal pain due to a giant renal tumor associated with a hypertrophic plaque located on the anterior part of the left calf is presented. After (clinical, biochemical, imaging) diagnosis, surgery was performed for en bloc removal of the entire mass, adrenal gland, and spleen. The histopathological exam established the diagnosis of a moderately differentiated T2b clear cell Grawitz tumor, without regional lymph node metastasis (stage II). The patient continued local corticosteroid therapy in the hospital for hypertrophic lichen planus lesions, being referred to the oncology department after discharge
Prenatal Diagnosis of Bovine Aortic Arch Anatomic Variant
Fetal aortic arch development is an early and complex process that depends on many genetic and environmental factors. The final aortic arch varies greatly; it may take the form of a normal arch, anatomic variant (AAAV) with a common origin to that of the innominate artery and left common carotid artery (formerly known as “bovine aortic arch” (with an incidence of up to 27%)) or one of multiple pathological conditions. The present study aimed to establish the feasibility and impact of prenatal anatomic arch variants’ diagnosis. A retrospective study of 271 fetal second- and third-trimester anomaly scans was performed in our tertiary center. Examinations that evaluated the sagittal aortic arch were included and the branching pattern was assessed. Additionally, a literature data search based on the terms “common origin of innominate artery and left common carotid artery”, “bovine arch”, “bovine aortic” and “aortic arch anomalies” was performed. Results that referred to prenatal AAAV were retained and the papers evaluated. In our study, the AAA incidence was 1.93%, with 4 out of 5 cases being arch type B. All cases had minor associated conditions but a good postnatal outcome. An anatomic aortic variant with a common IA and LCCa prenatal diagnosis was found in a small number of studies; most of the cases described in pediatric and adult series were related to cardiac surgery for stenting, aneurysm or thoracic-associated diseases. The incidence of AAAV varied from 6 to 27% depending on the population studied (highest incidence in African individuals). The variant was highly associated with aortic dissection, pulmonary and cerebral embolism and increased risks of incidents during surgery. Diagnosing AAAV during a routine anatomic scan is feasible and diagnoses can be made when anomaly scans are performed. Awareness of the condition is important for postnatal surgery when other cardiac anomalies are found; this can prevent accidents with simple changes to the patient’s lifestyle, and, in the case of surgery, means we can adopt the correct surgical approach
The Beginner Laparoscopists Trends in the Learning Process of Laparoscopy for Adnexal Gynecological PathologiesâThe Experience of Our Center
Background: Laparoscopy for benign ovarian pathology is the appropriate surgical approach and it has many well-known advantages. Minimal invasive gynecological surgery increases the quality of life of the patient. The learning process of laparoscopy is difficult and requires many interventions to acquire manual skills. The objectives of the study were to assess the learning process of laparoscopy for adnexal pathology surgery performed by beginner laparoscopists. Materials and Methods: This study included three gynecological surgeons who were beginners in laparoscopy and who were named A, B, and C. We collected information about patients, diagnosis, surgical technique, and complications. Results: We have analyzed the data from 159 patients. The most frequent primary diagnosis was functional ovarian cyst, and the laparoscopic cystectomy was performed in 49.1% of interventions. The need to convert a laparoscopy into laparotomy was necessary in 1.3% of patients. There were no cases of reintervention, blood transfusion, or ureteral lesions. The duration of the surgical intervention varied statistically significantly according to patientâs BMI and to the surgeon. After 20 laparoscopic interventions, a significant improvement was found in the time needed to perform ovarian cystectomy (operators A and B) and salpingectomy (operator C). Conclusions: The process of learning laparoscopy is laborious and difficult. We found a significant decrease in operating time after a twenty laparoscopic interventions
Placenta, the Key Witness of COVID-19 Infection in Premature Births
Adverse perinatal outcomes, such as increased risks of pre-eclampsia, miscarriage, premature birth, and stillbirth have been reported in SARS-CoV-2 infection. For a better understanding of COVID-19 complications in pregnancy, histopathological changes in the placenta, which is the interface between mother and foetus, could be the place to look at. The aim of this study was to determine placental histopathological changes and their role in preterm birth in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We performed a prospective, observational study in a COVID-only hospital, which included 39 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm birth compared with a control group of 39 women COVID-19 negative with preterm birth and a placental pathology exam available. The microscopic examination of all placentas revealed placental infarction (64.1% vs. 30.8%), decidual arteriopathy (66.7% vs. 23.1%), intervillous thrombi (53.8% vs. 38.5%), perivillous fibrin deposits (59% vs. 46.2%), inflammatory infiltrate (69.2% vs. 46.2%), chorangiosis (17.9% vs. 10.3%), and accelerated maturation of the villi (23.1% vs. 28.2%)